PARALINGUISTIC MEANS IN FOREIGN LINGUISTICS: TYPES AND FUNCTIONS

Abstract

This article analyzes the theoretical foundations, classification principles, and communicative functions of paralinguistic means in foreign linguistics. Expanding upon classical frameworks of nonverbal communication studies, the paper incorporates recent developments in multimodal discourse analysis, cognitive pragmatics, and digital communication research (2020–2025). Paralinguistic means are examined as multimodal semiotic resources that operate alongside verbal language in meaning construction. The study identifies vocal, kinesic, proxemic, haptic, and oculesic categories as primary types, with intonation, facial expression, gesture, eye contact, and interpersonal distance emerging as the most widely used forms in contemporary interaction.