International Conference on Linguistics & Translation
International Conference on Linguistics & Translation (ICLT) is organized annually online from Warsaw, Poland. It focuses on Linguistics, Philology, Translation Studies, and Pedagogy. Indexed in Google Scholar, Zenodo, OpenAIRE, Open Access. Articles are accepted in Polish, Russian, and English.
ANTONYMIC PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS EXPRESSING PERSONALITY TRAITS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
This paper presents a comparative study of phraseological units (PUs) containing antonymic components that express human personality traits in English and Uzbek. Drawing on material from bilingual and monolingual phraseological dictionaries, the study identifies the main structural-semantic models underlying such units explicit antonymic pairs, implicit metaphorical opposition, and somatic-based constructions and compares their frequency and imagery across the two languages. The analysis shows that Uzbek phraseology tends to rely on ethically grounded binary oppositions (white/black as good/evil), while English phraseology more often draws on zoomorphic and object-based imagery. The results contribute to contrastive phraseology, translation studies, and the teaching of English and Uzbek as foreign languages.
THE ROLE OF AUTHENTIC TEXTS IN DEVELOPING READING SKILLS AMONG ACADEMIC LYCEUM LEARNERS
This article examines the role of authentic texts in developing reading skills among academic lyceum learners. It analyzes their contribution to reading comprehension, strategic reading, critical thinking, academic literacy, and learner autonomy. The article also discusses methodological principles for selecting and using authentic materials in English language classrooms. The analysis demonstrates that authentic texts significantly improve learners' reading competence when they are integrated into systematic, learner-centered instruction.
THE IMPORTANCE OF USING INTERACTIVE METHODS IN TEACHING THE PHONETICS OF THE KARAKALPAK LANGUAGE
This article examines the scientific and practical significance, as well as the effectiveness, of using interactive methods in teaching Karakalpak phonetics. It demonstrates that the application of modern pedagogical and digital technologies in the educational process facilitates students' understanding of phonetic concepts, enhances their language skills, and improves their phonetic and orthographic literacy. Furthermore, the article provides methodological recommendations for using interactive exercises and game-based learning technologies in teaching the sounds that are specific to the Karakalpak language.
THE ROLE OF SPEECH ACT THEORY IN THE ANALYSIS OF A RULER'S SPEECH
When crafting a speech of state significance delivered by a specific individual within a literary work, a writer must possess a distinctive linguistic style and command of language. This is because the text serves as the primary medium through which the speaker—the author—conveys their thoughts and ideas to the listener—the reader—specifically by articulating the sentiments intended to be expressed through the character's speech.
The present article examines the theoretical foundations, linguistic mechanisms, and practical manifestations of creativity in translation. Furthermore, it analyzes the relationship between creativity and equivalence, discusses the influence of cultural competence on creative decision making, and demonstrates how creative translation contributes to successful intercultural communication.
ИСТОРИЧЕСКОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ ФРАНЦУЗСКИХ И УЗБЕКСКИХ ЛИНГВОКУЛЬТУРНЫХ СИМВОЛОВ И МЕТОДИКА ИХ СОПОСТАВИТЕЛЬНОГО ИЗУЧЕНИЯ
В данном тезисе рассматриваются исторические этапы формирования и развития французских и узбекских лингвокультурных символов, а также методологические основы их сопоставительного изучения. Особое внимание уделяется взаимосвязи языка, культуры, национального мышления и системы ценностей народа. Лингвокультурные символы рассматриваются как особые языковые единицы, обладающие не только денотативным, но и широким коннотативным, культурным, историческим и аксиологическим значением. В исследовании анализируются происхождение, историческое развитие, семантические и функциональные особенности лингвокультурных символов, а также их роль в формировании национальной идентичности и культурной памяти народа.
ON ANTHROPONYMS IN THE WORK “SHAYBONIYNOMA”
This article pays special attention to the problems of Uzbek linguistics, in particular, the issue of the use of anthroponyms in historical works. The purpose of the study is to study the specific features of anthroponyms in historical works, in particular, in the work of Muhammad Salih "Shayboniynoma" based on the analysis of the features of the language and spelling problems of anthroponyms. The following scientific analysis methods were used in the study: linguistic description, system, statistical, contextual analysis methods. The method of linguistic analysis was used in the analysis of scientific literature on the topic of the study. The results of the study made it possible to develop the following scientific and practical conclusions and recommendations: Analysis of anthroponyms in the work of "Shayboniynoma" helps to regulate spelling problems and write correctly. In particular, the place and reflection of historical anthroponyms in the onomastics of the Uzbek language. Anthroponyms in the work of Muhammad Salih "Shayboniynoma" served as illustrative material for the article.
MODEL OF IMPROVING THE PEDAGOGICAL SYSTEM OF TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES
Improving the pedagogical system of teaching foreign languages is aimed at developing the student's ability to understand, speak and think in the language. This process combines advanced technologies, motivation and person-oriented approaches. This thesis discusses the development of a model for improving the pedagogical system of teaching foreign languages to students of a higher educational institution and its implementation in practice.
SOLVING NP-HARD OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS: A COMPARISON OF CLASSICAL APPROXIMATION ALGORITHMS AND MODERN METAHEURISTIC AND LEARNING-BASED METHODS
Many optimization problems of practical importance in computer science are NP-hard, meaning that no polynomial-time algorithm is known that solves them exactly [1,2]. Because exact solution is computationally infeasible for large instances, the discipline has developed two broad families of practical alternatives. Classical approximation algorithms sacrifice optimality in exchange for polynomial running time while providing a provable guarantee on the quality of the solution returned [2,3]. Modern metaheuristics, including simulated annealing, genetic algorithms and ant colony optimization, abandon formal guarantees in favour of flexible stochastic search that frequently produces excellent solutions in practice [4,5]. More recently, learning-based methods have been proposed which train neural models to construct or improve solutions directly from problem instances [6]. This thesis compares these paradigms with respect to solution quality, theoretical guarantees, computational cost and generality. It argues that approximation algorithms remain essential where worst-case assurance is required, that metaheuristics dominate where empirical performance on large instances is the governing criterion, and that a hybrid strategy—using approximation results as a principled starting point for metaheuristic refinement—offers the most robust approach for practical deployment [3,5,7]..
METERS AND RHYMES IN KARAKALPAK AND ENGLISH CHILDREN’S SONGS
This article examines meters and rhymes in Karakalpak and English children’s songs through comparative poetic analysis. The analysis demonstrates that both traditions employ short rhythmic lines, repetition, and musical sound patterns to support memorization and emotional influence on children. However, Karakalpak children’s songs are more strongly connected with syllabic rhythm and vowel harmony, whereas English nursery rhymes mainly depend on stress rhythm and end rhyme.
COMPARATIVE FEATURES OF LEGITIMATION STRATEGIES IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK MEDIA TEXTS
This article undertakes a comparative investigation of legitimation strategies employed in English and Uzbek media texts, drawing on Theo van Leeuwen’s influential typology of authorization, moral evaluation, rationalization and mythopoesis. Media discourse plays a decisive role in shaping public perception, and the linguistic mechanisms through which institutions and journalists justify actions, policies and social arrangements merit systematic cross-cultural attention. Adopting a critical discourse analysis framework, the study examines how each legitimation category is realized lexically and rhetorically in two typologically and culturally distinct traditions.
THE NEO-MYTHOLOGICAL MODEL AS A CATEGORY OF MODERN LITERARY STUDIES
This article examines the neo-mythological model as a significant theoretical and methodological category in modern literary studies. The research analyzes the formation, structural organization, and functional characteristics of the neo-mythological model as a specific form of artistic interpretation of mythological traditions. Unlike classical myth, which developed as a product of collective consciousness and represented the worldview of ancient societies, the neo-mythological model emerges as a conscious reconstruction of mythological plots, symbols, and archetypal structures within modern literary discourse. Special attention is given to the theoretical concepts of M. Eliade, C. Lévi-Strauss, R. Barthes, C.G. Jung, and E.M. Meletinsky, who investigated myth as a complex cultural, semiotic, and psychological phenomenon. The study identifies the main elements of the neo-mythological model, including archetypes, symbolic images, mythological narratives, cultural codes, and intertextual connections. The article argues that neo-mythological modeling should not be considered a simple reproduction of ancient myths but rather a creative process of transformation and reinterpretation. The results demonstrate that the neo-mythological model functions as an important analytical instrument that allows researchers to reveal deeper semantic structures of modern and postmodern literary works..
МИФ, НЕОМИФ И НЕОМИФОЛОГИЗМ: ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ НАУЧНЫХ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЙ И ПОНЯТИЙНЫЙ АППАРАТ
Настоящая статья посвящена исследованию эволюции научных представлений о категориях мифа, неомифа и неомифологизма, а также анализу их понятийного аппарата в современном гуманитарном знании. В работе рассматривается трансформация мифа от традиционной формы коллективного мировосприятия до сложного культурного и художественного механизма, активно функционирующего в современной литературе и массовой культуре. Особое внимание уделяется теоретическим подходам таких исследователей, как М. Элиаде, К. Леви-Стросс, Р. Барт, Е.М. Мелетинский и А.Ф. Лосев, рассматривавших миф как универсальную семиотическую, культурологическую и философскую систему. В статье анализируется становление понятия «неомиф» как формы переосмысления традиционных мифологических моделей в условиях современной культуры, а также раскрываются особенности неомифологизма как художественного метода XX–XXI веков. На основе сравнительно-исторического и структурно-семиотического анализа выявляются основные различия между классическим мифологическим сознанием и современными способами мифотворчества. Исследование показывает, что неомифологизм представляет собой не простое воспроизведение древних сюжетов, а сложный процесс интерпретации, реконструкции и создания новых символических систем. Полученные результаты способствуют более глубокому пониманию роли мифологических структур в современной словесности и культуре.
КЛИНИКО-ГЕМОДИНАМИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ АРТЕРИАЛЬНОЙ ГИПЕРТЕНЗИИ, ПРОТЕКАЮЩЕЙ НА ФОНЕ ГИПОДИНАМИИ, У ПОЖИЛЫХ ПАЦИЕНТОВ
Артериальная гипертензия у пациентов пожилого возраста во многом обусловлена гиподинамией, избыточной массой тела и метаболическими нарушениями. Снижение физической активности способствует активации симпатической нервной системы, развитию инсулинорезистентности, повышению сосудистой ригидности и ремоделированию миокарда, что затрудняет эффективный контроль артериального давления [1,2,3]. В связи с этим комплексная оценка клинико-гемодинамических показателей у пожилых пациентов с артериальной гипертензией, протекающей на фоне гиподинамии, имеет важное практическое значение.
ДИАГНОСТИЧЕСКОЕ И ПРОГНОСТИЧЕСКОЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ПОЛИМОРФИЗМА ГЕНА IL–6 (rs1800795) ПРИ НЕАЛКОГОЛЬНОЙ ЖИРОВОЙ БОЛЕЗНИ ПЕЧЕНИ
Неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени (НАЖБП) представляет собой метаболическое заболевание, характеризующееся хроническим низкоинтенсивным воспалением, инсулинорезистентностью, нарушениями липидного обмена и дисфункцией оси «кишечник–печень». В последние годы установлено, что одним из ключевых звеньев патогенеза НАЖБП являются провоспалительные цитокины, среди которых особое значение имеет интерлейкин-6 (IL–6). Повышенная экспрессия IL–6 способствует усилению воспалительных реакций, повреждению гепатоцитов, развитию инсулинорезистентности и нарушению липидного обмена [1,2,3]. В связи с этим оценка диагностического значения полиморфизма гена IL–6 (rs1800795) при НАЖБП представляет значительный научный и практический интерес.
ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ПОЛИМОРФИЗМА ГЕНА ФНО-α (G-308A) В РАЗВИТИИ ОСТЕОПОРОЗА У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С НЕАЛКОГОЛЬНОЙ ЖИРОВОЙ БОЛЕЗНЬЮ ПЕЧЕНИ
В исследование были включены 120 пациентов с установленным диагнозом НАЖБП, из которых 56 человек составили группу среднего возраста и 64 пациента – группу пожилого возраста. Контрольную группу составили 60 практически здоровых лиц. Полиморфизм гена TNF-α (G-308A) определяли методом полимеразной цепной реакции (ПЦР). Кроме того, у всех обследованных оценивали показатели двухэнергетической рентгеновской абсорбциометрии (DXA), минеральную плотность костной ткани (МПКТ), T-score, уровень 25(OH)D, паратиреоидного гормона, показатели кальций-фосфорного обмена и маркеры воспаления.
THE ROLE OF SPEECH ACTS IN INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL COMMUNICATION
International political communication is characterized by the strategic use of language to influence audiences, express national interests, and promote diplomatic cooperation. Among the most significant pragmatic mechanisms employed in political discourse are speech acts, which enable political leaders to perform communicative actions such as making commitments, expressing evaluations, issuing requests, and encouraging cooperation. This study investigates the role of speech acts in international political communication from the perspective of pragmatics and discourse analysis.
GENRE TRANSFORMATION AND THEORETICAL EVOLUTION OF 20TH-CENTURY TRAVEL PROSE: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS
During the 20th century, travel literature (travel writing) underwent a significant shift in its academic and literary status, driven by intense geopolitical, cultural, and anthropological disruptions. Global conflicts, the deconstruction of colonial frameworks, imperial collapses, intense migration flows, the rise of commercial tourism, and modern mass media fundamentally reshaped both the physical experience of traveling and its textual representation.
СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ МЕХАНИЗМОВ РАЗВИТИЯ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНО-ДУХОВНОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ БУДУЩИХ ПЕДАГОГОВ ДОШКОЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
В статье рассматриваются вопросы развития профессионально-духовной культуры будущих педагогов дошкольного образования в условиях модернизации системы высшего педагогического образования. Раскрывается сущность профессионально-духовной культуры как интегративного качества личности педагога, объединяющего профессиональную компетентность, нравственные ценности, духовную зрелость и способность к творческой самореализации. Представлены педагогические условия, модель и механизмы формирования профессионально-духовной культуры будущих воспитателей. Обоснована эффективность внедрения интерактивных технологий, этнокультурного содержания и рефлексивных методов обучения в образовательный процесс.
DIFFICULTIES IN LEARNING ENGLISH IN MEDICINE
This thesis describes the problems of students studying in the medical field, various methods of solving problems in English. It includes reflections and research results, various difficulties in teaching a foreign language, and actions and measures aimed at improving students' knowledge.
СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ИЗУЧЕННОСТИ ГЕЛЬМИНТОФАУНЫ СИНАНТРОПНЫХ ПТИЦ КАРАКАЛПАКСТАНА
Изучение гельминтофауны птиц является одной из актуальных задач современной паразитологии в аридных регионах Центральной Азии. Целью работы явилось комплексное изучение видового состава, экологии и распространения гельминтов синантропных птиц Каракалпакстана. Паразитологические исследования проводились в 2023–2026 годах методами полного вскрытия 583 особей птиц, относящихся к 14 видам. Изучение, измерение и идентификация обнаруженных паразитов осуществлялись с помощью современной микроскопической техники. В результате у исследованных птиц обнаружено 45 видов гельминтов, включая 12 видов цестод, 8 видов трематод и 25 видов нематод. Наивысшие показатели зараженности отмечены у сороки (24.2%) и серой вороны (21.0%). Полученные данные имеют важное значение для паразитологии, ветеринарии и охраны биоразнообразия региона.
АНГЛИЦИЗМЫ В СФЕРЕ ПРОГРАММНОГО ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ: ЛЕКСИКО-СЕМАНТИЧЕСКИЙ И ПЕРЕВОДЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТЫ
В статье рассматриваются англицизмы в сфере программного обеспечения в лексико-семантическом и переводческом аспектах. Актуальность исследования обусловлена активным развитием информационных технологий, цифровых платформ, мобильных приложений, онлайн-сервисов и профессиональной IT-коммуникации. Английский язык является основным источником международной терминологии программного обеспечения, поэтому такие единицы, как software, application, update, install, interface, plugin, bug, license, release, backup, активно входят в русский и узбекский языки. Цель статьи заключается в выявлении особенностей семантической адаптации и перевода англоязычных терминов программного обеспечения в русском и узбекском языках. Установлено, что в русском языке англицизмы чаще передаются через транслитерацию и словообразовательную адаптацию, тогда как в узбекском языке наряду с прямыми заимствованиями широко используются переводные и гибридные формы. Делается вывод о том, что англицизмы в сфере программного обеспечения являются важным средством номинации цифровых понятий и требуют контекстуально точного перевода.
АНАЛИЗ ОТКРЫТЫХ ПРОГРАММНЫХ РЕШЕНИЙ ДЛЯ ТРЁХМЕРНОГО ГЕОМЕТРИЧЕСКОГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ ПОДЗЕМНЫХ ВОДОНОСНЫХ СИСТЕМ
В тезисе проведён сравнительный анализ открытых (open-source) программных решений для трёхмерного геометрического моделирования и визуализации подземных водоносных систем. Рассмотрены инструменты геостатистики (PyKrige, GeostatsPy), 3D-геологического моделирования (GemPy, LoopStructural), гидродинамического симулирования (FloPy/MODFLOW 6), визуализации (PyVista, VTK, ParaView) и работы с пространственными данными (GDAL, QGIS). Выявлены функциональные пробелы существующих решений, обосновывающие необходимость разработки специализированного программного комплекса.
STRUCTURAL-SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF BINARY OPPOSITIONS REPRESENTING TRAITS OF ENGLISH FAIRY TALE CHARACTERS
This article explores the structural and semantic nature of binary oppositions in English fairy tales. It focuses on how positive and negative traits of characters are linguistically encoded through polar opposites. By employing structural-semantic analysis, the research identifies the fundamental antonymic pairs that shape the moral and aesthetic landscape of the folklore. Furthermore, the article illustrates through examples that fairy tales are one of the most prominent factors in revealing a nation’s culture.
BIOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF JARARIQ MULBERRY VARIETIES AND THEIR IMPORTANCE IN SERICULTURE
This study examines the biological and economic characteristics of Jarariq mulberry varieties and evaluates their importance in sericulture. The sustainable development of sericulture largely depends on the availability of high-quality mulberry leaves, which constitute the primary food source for silkworms. The Jarariq mulberry varieties, developed through long-term breeding programs at the Central Asian Sericulture Research Institute, are distinguished by their high leaf productivity, vigorous growth, adaptability to environmental conditions, and superior nutritional value. Comparative analysis of Jarariq-1, Jarariq-2, Jarariq-3, Jarariq-4, and Jarariq-5 revealed significant differences in productivity and biological performance. Among the studied varieties, Jarariq-1 demonstrated the highest leaf yield, producing 13.1 kg of leaves per tree and 8.1 t/ha. The results indicate that Jarariq mulberry varieties, particularly Jarariq-1, possess high biological potential and can serve as valuable feed resources for silkworm rearing. Their widespread cultivation can contribute to strengthening the feed base of sericulture and increasing cocoon production efficiency in Uzbekistan.
ANALYSIS OF ABBREVIATIONS OF ECOLOGICAL FIELD TERMS IN UZBEK LANGUAGE
This article examines abbreviations and acronyms of environmental terminology in the Uzbek language. It analyzes their linguistic and semantic features as well as their functioning in modern discourse.
COMPARING TRADITIONAL AND GAMIFIED VOCABULARY INSTRUCTION METHODS
Vocabulary knowledge plays a crucial role in second language acquisition and communicative competence. This study compares traditional vocabulary instruction methods with gamified vocabulary instruction to determine their effectiveness in improving vocabulary acquisition, retention, and learner motivation. A quasi-experimental design was employed involving 60 EFL students divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received gamified vocabulary instruction through digital platforms and game-based activities, while the control group was taught using traditional methods such as memorization, translation, and repetition. The findings revealed that students exposed to gamified instruction demonstrated significantly higher vocabulary gains, better retention rates, and increased motivation. The study concludes that gamification offers substantial advantages over traditional vocabulary teaching approaches and can effectively enhance lexical development in EFL contexts.
CONCEPTUAL FIELD OF LABOR ACTIVITY IN ENGLISH AND KARAKALPAK PAREMIES
The article analyzes the conceptual field of the concept of "labor activity" in English and Karakalpak proverbs that are typologically and genealogically dissimilar. This concept has universal characteristics in both languages, and the formation of the conceptual field has been determined to have emerged based on the national-cultural perspectives of both peoples. English proverbs emphasize individual achievements in "labor activity" and the value of time, while Karakalpak proverbs reveal the concept's meaning in relation to social development and nature.
SEMANTIC ORGANIZATION OF ENANTIOSEMIC PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS AND TYPES OF SEMANTIC OPPOSITION
The phenomenon of enantiosemy, whereby a single linguistic unit expresses opposite or mutually exclusive meanings, has attracted increasing attention in contemporary semantic and phraseological studies. Despite extensive research on lexical enantiosemy, the semantic organization of enantiosemic phraseological units remains insufficiently explored, particularly from a multilingual and discourse-oriented perspective. This study investigates the structural and semantic characteristics of enantiosemic phraseological units and examines the principal types of semantic opposition underlying their meaning construction. Drawing on English, Uzbek, and Russian phraseological data, the research employs descriptive, comparative, and componential semantic analysis to identify mechanisms that facilitate the coexistence of opposite meanings within a single phraseological form. The findings suggest that enantiosemic phraseological units operate through a complex interaction of denotative, axiological, and pragmatic levels of meaning. Furthermore, contextual, cultural, and discourse-related factors significantly influence the interpretation of semantic oppositions. The study proposes a three-level model of semantic opposition that explains how contradictory meanings emerge and function in phraseological discourse. The results contribute to the broader understanding of phraseological semantics, cognitive linguistics, and intercultural communication while offering a framework for future investigations of semantic ambivalence in multilingual environments..
LEXICAL-SEMANTIC REALIZATION OF “GOOD” AND “EVIL” IN ENGLISH AND KARAKALPAK LANGUAGES
This study explores how the concepts “good” and “evil” are expressed in English and Karakalpak from a comparative linguacultural perspective. Although these moral categories are universal, their lexical and semantic realization differs across languages. Specifically, English shows greater lexical differentiation and abstraction, whereas Karakalpak reflects more holistic and culturally grounded meanings. Moreover, both languages share similar metaphors (e.g., light vs. darkness), but differ in usage and cultural emphasis. Overall, the findings highlight the role of language in shaping moral concepts..