THE SIGNIFICANCE OF IODINE IN THE HUMAN BODY

Abstract

Iodine is one of the essential trace elements for the human body and is required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones—thyroxine and triiodothyronine. These hormones play a crucial role in regulating metabolism, growth and development, the nervous system, and cognitive function. At present, iodine deficiency–related diseases remain widespread in many regions, particularly among populations living in iodine-deficient areas. These include endemic goiter, hypothyroidism, and impaired intellectual development in children. Therefore, studying the effects of iodine on the human body, preventing iodine deficiency, and providing a scientific basis for preventive measures constitute one of the pressing issues in modern medicine and public health.