EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FEATURES AND RISK FACTORS OF CERVICAL CANCER IN YOUNG WOMEN

Abstract

Cervical cancer (CC) in young women (usually under 35-40 years of age) is characterized by an aggressive course, is often detected at a late stage, and is highly associated with HPV infection. Key risk factors include early sexual debut, frequent partner changes, smoking, immunodeficiency, and failure to use barrier contraception.

Cervical cancer is largely preventable through HPV vaccination and regular screening according to national guidelines, and is curable if detected early and treated promptly. The highest rates of cervical cancer incidence and mortality are observed in low- and middle-income countries. This fact highlights significant inequalities caused by lack of access to national HPV vaccination programs and cervical cancer screening and treatment services, as well as social and economic determinants..