DIFFUSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASE AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS: FREQUENCY AND DIAGNOSTIC PARAMETERS

Abstract

Diffuse connective tissue diseases (DCTD), including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic sclerosis, are chronic autoimmune disorders characterized by widespread inflammation and vascular involvement. Recent studies indicate that patients with DCTD have a significantly increased risk of developing premature atherosclerosis, even in the absence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Chronic systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and immune-mediated vascular injury accelerate the development of atherosclerotic plaques and vascular stiffness. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of atherosclerotic changes in patients with DCTD and analyze associated laboratory and instrumental findings.