MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE INTERVERTEBRAL DISC IN HERNIAS IN YOUNG PATIENTS

Abstract

This study analyzes the morphological changes of the intervertebral disc in young patients with herniated discs. It examines the structural features of the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus across different spinal regions — cervical, thoracic, and lumbar. In young individuals, the nucleus pulposus retains high elasticity and hydration, which contributes to the formation of large hernias without significant age-related degeneration. The impact of mechanical stress and trauma is highlighted, leading to annulus fibrosus tears, nucleus protrusion, and inflammatory reactions in surrounding tissues. The findings are important for understanding the pathogenesis of intervertebral hernias in young patients and for developing effective treatment strategies.