GREEK-BACTRIAN AND CENTRAL ASIAN CULTURAL RELATIONS IN THE HELLENISTIC PERIOD: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BASED ON ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND WRITTEN SOURCES
Résumé
This article examines the cultural relations between the Greco-Bactrian kingdom and the broader Central Asian world during the Hellenistic period (late 4th–2nd centuries BC) through a comparative analysis of written and archaeological sources. The study traces the political formation of Bactrian independence under Diodotus I, the consolidation of the Euthydemid dynasty, and the confrontation with the Seleucid Empire during the siege of Bactra (208–206 BC). Drawing on the excavations at Ai-Khanoum and Takht-i Sangin, the article demonstrates that Greek urban institutions, religious cults, and coinage were adapted to and synthesized with local Bactrian and Iranian traditions, producing a distinct hybrid civilization at the eastern edge of the Hellenistic world. The findings show that Hellenization in Central Asia was not a one-directional process of cultural transfer but a reciprocal synthesis reflected equally in architecture, religion, and material culture.
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