AFGHANISTAN AS A STRATEGIC BUFFER IN RUSSIAN FOREIGN POLICY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17962093Abstract
The 19th century marked Russia's southward expansion across the Eurasian steppe into Central Asia. This expansion, characterized by the annexation of khanates such as Bukhara, Khiva, and Kokand, placed Russia in close proximity to Afghanistan. For Russian policymakers, Afghanistan was strategically vital: its mountainous terrain and location positioned it as a natural barrier between Russian territories and British India. The Russian Empire viewed Afghanistan not only as a military frontier but also as a point of leverage in its diplomatic negotiations with Britain
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