International Conference on Linguistics & Translation
International Conference on Linguistics & Translation (ICLT) is organized annually online from Warsaw, Poland. It focuses on Linguistics, Philology, Translation Studies, and Pedagogy. Indexed in Google Scholar, Zenodo, OpenAIRE, Open Access. Articles are accepted in Polish, Russian, and English.
ANALYSIS OF ABBREVIATIONS OF ECOLOGICAL FIELD TERMS IN UZBEK LANGUAGE
This article examines abbreviations and acronyms of environmental terminology in the Uzbek language. It analyzes their linguistic and semantic features as well as their functioning in modern discourse.
COMPARING TRADITIONAL AND GAMIFIED VOCABULARY INSTRUCTION METHODS
Vocabulary knowledge plays a crucial role in second language acquisition and communicative competence. This study compares traditional vocabulary instruction methods with gamified vocabulary instruction to determine their effectiveness in improving vocabulary acquisition, retention, and learner motivation. A quasi-experimental design was employed involving 60 EFL students divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received gamified vocabulary instruction through digital platforms and game-based activities, while the control group was taught using traditional methods such as memorization, translation, and repetition. The findings revealed that students exposed to gamified instruction demonstrated significantly higher vocabulary gains, better retention rates, and increased motivation. The study concludes that gamification offers substantial advantages over traditional vocabulary teaching approaches and can effectively enhance lexical development in EFL contexts.
CONCEPTUAL FIELD OF LABOR ACTIVITY IN ENGLISH AND KARAKALPAK PAREMIES
The article analyzes the conceptual field of the concept of "labor activity" in English and Karakalpak proverbs that are typologically and genealogically dissimilar. This concept has universal characteristics in both languages, and the formation of the conceptual field has been determined to have emerged based on the national-cultural perspectives of both peoples. English proverbs emphasize individual achievements in "labor activity" and the value of time, while Karakalpak proverbs reveal the concept's meaning in relation to social development and nature.
SEMANTIC ORGANIZATION OF ENANTIOSEMIC PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS AND TYPES OF SEMANTIC OPPOSITION
The phenomenon of enantiosemy, whereby a single linguistic unit expresses opposite or mutually exclusive meanings, has attracted increasing attention in contemporary semantic and phraseological studies. Despite extensive research on lexical enantiosemy, the semantic organization of enantiosemic phraseological units remains insufficiently explored, particularly from a multilingual and discourse-oriented perspective. This study investigates the structural and semantic characteristics of enantiosemic phraseological units and examines the principal types of semantic opposition underlying their meaning construction. Drawing on English, Uzbek, and Russian phraseological data, the research employs descriptive, comparative, and componential semantic analysis to identify mechanisms that facilitate the coexistence of opposite meanings within a single phraseological form. The findings suggest that enantiosemic phraseological units operate through a complex interaction of denotative, axiological, and pragmatic levels of meaning. Furthermore, contextual, cultural, and discourse-related factors significantly influence the interpretation of semantic oppositions. The study proposes a three-level model of semantic opposition that explains how contradictory meanings emerge and function in phraseological discourse. The results contribute to the broader understanding of phraseological semantics, cognitive linguistics, and intercultural communication while offering a framework for future investigations of semantic ambivalence in multilingual environments..
LEXICAL-SEMANTIC REALIZATION OF “GOOD” AND “EVIL” IN ENGLISH AND KARAKALPAK LANGUAGES
This study explores how the concepts “good” and “evil” are expressed in English and Karakalpak from a comparative linguacultural perspective. Although these moral categories are universal, their lexical and semantic realization differs across languages. Specifically, English shows greater lexical differentiation and abstraction, whereas Karakalpak reflects more holistic and culturally grounded meanings. Moreover, both languages share similar metaphors (e.g., light vs. darkness), but differ in usage and cultural emphasis. Overall, the findings highlight the role of language in shaping moral concepts..
ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ УЛЬТРАЗВУКОВОЙ ДИАГНОСТИКИ В РАННЕМ ВЫЯВЛЕНИИ ЖЕЛЧНОКАМЕННОЙ БОЛЕЗНИ
Желчнокаменная болезнь (ЖКБ) относится к числу наиболее распространённых заболеваний органов пищеварения и характеризуется высокой частотой осложнений. По данным World Health Organization, распространённость заболеваний билиарной системы ежегодно увеличивается, особенно среди пациентов с метаболическими нарушениями и избыточной массой тела. Ранняя диагностика ЖКБ имеет важное значение для предупреждения развития холецистита, билиарной обструкции и других осложнений. Ультразвуковое исследование является ведущим методом первичной диагностики патологии желчного пузыря благодаря своей неинвазивности, доступности и высокой информативности. Совершенствование эхографических критериев позволяет повысить эффективность раннего выявления желчнокаменной болезни.
TRANSLATION OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS AND IDIOMS FROM KARAKALPAK INTO ENGLISH
Translation is traditionally defined as the process of rendering meaning from one language (source language) into another (target language), taking into account linguistic, cultural and pragmatic peculiarities. According to M. Brandes, translation is a kind of language mediation where the content of the foreign text (original) is transferred to other language by the way of creating a communicatively equivalent text in this language [1;7]. According to A.V. Fedorov, translation is «the transfer of a text by means of another language while preserving its semantic, stylistic and functional content» [4;34]. In this context, translation fulfils communicative, cultural and cognitive functions.
SIMPLE SENTENCES AND THEIR CLASSIFICATION IN ARABIC LINGUISTICS
This thesis investigates the definition and classification of simple sentences in Arabic linguistics, bridging the gap between classical “Amal” theory and modern Generativist perspectives. It focuses on the primary distinction between Nominal (Jumla Ismiyya) and Verbal (Jumla Fi’liyya) sentences, examining their core components through the lens of the Minimalist Program (MP). The study explores the role of null copulas, subject-verb agreement asymmetries, and the hierarchical distribution of functional projections such as Tense (T) and Agreement (Agr). By analyzing these structures, the research highlights the universal parameters of Arabic syntax and its unique typological characteristics.
GRAMMAR AND FUNCTION IN COMMUNICATIVE TEACHING
This thesis explores the role of grammar and function in communicative language teaching (CLT), emphasizing how grammatical competence and functional language use interact in real-life communication. The paper argues that grammar should not be taught as an isolated system of rules but as a meaningful resource that supports learners in expressing intentions, performing social actions, and achieving communicative goals. It highlights the importance of integrating form, meaning, and use, and demonstrates how contextualized grammar instruction enhances fluency, accuracy, and pragmatic competence. The study also examines challenges teachers face in balancing communicative activities with explicit grammar instruction and proposes practical strategies for effective classroom implementation.
THE ANALYSIS OF INTRODUCTION AND INSERTIONS IN ARABIC LANGUAGE
This article analyzes introduction and insertions in Arabic from phonetic, graphic, and grammatical perspectives. It examines the sound system, including consonants and vowel length, as well as the features of Arabic script and its reliance on context. In addition, key elements such as hamza and tanwīn are discussed. Furthermore, the study highlights major grammatical categories, including word classes, gender, number, case, and definiteness, along with structures like iḍāfa and prepositions. Overall, the article shows that these introductory elements form the foundation of the Arabic language system.
LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF POPULAR EXPRESSIONS IN CHINESE INTERNET LANGUAGE
This article summarizes recent studies conducted by scholars on internet popular expressions from a linguistic perspective. The main focus is placed on ecolinguistics, cognitive linguistics, and sociolinguistics. In addition, the article discusses the future development prospects of popular internet expressions. The purpose of the study is to enrich scientific research on internet popular expressions, improve linguistic methods and theoretical frameworks, and provide a theoretical basis for further in-depth research in this field..
ANALYSIS OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS EXPRESSING MENTAL STATES
This article researches phraseological units (fixed expressions) that represent mental (psychic) states in language. The purpose of the study is to recognize semantic patterns in these phraseological units, determine classification parameters ( emotions, cognitive states, and the degree of intensity of experience), and represent the lexical-grammatical mechanisms through which phraseologism encodes “inner life”. Moreover, the article investigates different linguistic approaches given by prominent scholars in phraseology. The findings show that phraseologisms expressing mental (psychic) states are deeply connected with emotional perception and worldview, making them an important object of linguistic research.
THE IDEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC ORIENTATION OF MINAJATDIN QUTLIMURATOV’S DRAMA HADALLIQ
This article examines the thematic and ideological orientation of Minajatdin Qutlımuratov’s drama Hadallıq vakcinası, as well as the significance of the dramatic genre in literature and the characters presented in the work.
APPLICATION OF THE DUAL EDUCATION SYSTEM IN THE TRAINING OF ROAD INDUSTRY SPECIALISTS: THE CASE OF NUKUS TRANSPORT TECHNICAL SCHOOL
The dual education system integrates theoretical instruction with practical workplace experience, providing students with both academic knowledge and hands-on skills. This approach is increasingly adopted worldwide in technical and vocational education to enhance workforce readiness. This article examines the application of the dual education system in training road industry specialists, using Nukus Transport Technical School as an example. It explores the system’s implementation, benefits, challenges, and its implications for the road industry. The study highlights practical case studies, student internship outcomes, and industry collaboration, demonstrating the system’s effectiveness in preparing highly qualified professionals.
APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES IN TELEVISION JOURNALISM IN KARAKALPAKSTAN
This article analyzes the application of artificial intelligence technologies in television journalism in Karakalpakstan. The study examines the influence of AI-based systems on news production, multimedia communication, audience analysis, subtitle generation, and digital broadcasting processes. Furthermore, the article discusses the advantages of artificial intelligence in increasing informational speed, improving production quality, and strengthening audience engagement. Moreover, the research emphasizes the importance of digital literacy and media modernization in adapting regional television journalism to contemporary technological changes. The study concludes that artificial intelligence technologies play an important role in the development of modern television journalism in Karakalpakstan while simultaneously contributing to multimedia innovation and cultural communication.
REDUCING FOREIGN LANGUAGE ANXIETY AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: INTERACTIVE TEACHING STRATEGIES
The rapid development of digital technologies and the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic have significantly transformed educational systems worldwide. This transformation intensified the comparison between online and face-to-face education across different cultural contexts. The present study investigates methodological challenges in cross-cultural comparisons of online and traditional classroom learning. The research applies the IMRAD structure and relies on statistical reports, international educational surveys, and comparative analysis methods. Findings indicate that socio-cultural values, technological infrastructure, digital literacy, language barriers, and pedagogical traditions considerably influence learning outcomes and students’ engagement in different educational environments. The study emphasizes that methodological inconsistencies often limit the reliability of international comparisons. The article concludes that future educational research should integrate culturally adaptive methodologies and mixed-method approaches to ensure accurate evaluation of educational effectiveness.
SOCIOLINGUISTIC FEATURES OF EXCLAMATIONS IN THE UZBEKISTAN LANGUAGE
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МЕТОДИКА ПРЕОДОЛЕНИЯ ЯЗЫКОВОЙ ИНТЕРФЕРЕНЦИИ ПРИ ОБУЧЕНИИ РУССКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ КАК ИНОСТРАННОМУ В БИЛИНГВАЛЬНОЙ СРЕДЕ
В статье рассматриваются методические аспекты преодоления языковой интерференции при обучении русскому языку как иностранному в условиях билингвальной образовательной среды. Особое внимание уделяется анализу фонетических, лексических и грамматических трудностей, возникающих у обучающихся под влиянием родного языка. Обосновывается необходимость системного подхода, включающего контрастивный анализ, развитие произносительных навыков и формирование коммуникативной компетенции. Предлагаются эффективные методические приёмы, направленные на снижение интерференции и развитие речевой деятельности. Делается вывод о том, что преодоление интерференции возможно при интеграции языкового, когнитивного и культурного компонентов обучения.
МЕТОДИКА ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ КОММУНИКАТИВНОЙ КОМПЕТЕНЦИИ ПРИ ОБУЧЕНИИ РУССКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ КАК ИНОСТРАННОМУ В БИЛИНГВАЛЬНОЙ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ СРЕДЕ
В статье рассматриваются методические основы формирования коммуникативной компетенции при обучении русскому языку как иностранному в условиях билингвальной образовательной среды. Особое внимание уделяется роли коммуникативного подхода, использованию аутентичных материалов и интеграции языкового и культурного компонентов обучения. Анализируются основные трудности, возникающие у обучающихся, связанные с интерференцией родного языка, ограниченным словарным запасом и недостаточной практикой устной речи. Предлагаются эффективные методические приёмы, направленные на развитие навыков говорения, понимания и межкультурного взаимодействия. Делается вывод о том, что системный подход, основанный на сочетании коммуникативных заданий, фонетической работы и культурного содержания, способствует повышению мотивации обучающихся и эффективности обучения.
WHY 3RD GRАDE STUDENTS FАCE DIFFICULTIES IN REАDING COMPREHENSION?
The third grаde represents а criticаl juncture in а child's аcаdemic journey, mаrking the trаnsition from leаrning the mechаnics of reаding to using reаding аs а primаry tool for аcquiring knowledge. This аrticle provides а holistic аnаlysis of why mаny students fаce significаnt hurdles in reаding comprehension during this phаse. By synthesizing cognitive-linguistic bаrriers, socio-economic аnd environmentаl influences, аnd pedаgogicаl strаtegies, the study аims to offer а multi-dimensionаl view of literаcy development. The findings suggest thаt а combinаtion of eаrly intervention, vocаbulаry building, аnd socio-economic support is essentiаl for closing the literаcy gаp.
IDEAS OF THE JADIDS ON ENSURING PUBLIC WELFARE
This article analyzes the ideas of the Jadid movement representatives concerning public welfare and social development. Jadid thinkers considered education, enlightenment, economic activity, and national consciousness as key factors for the progress of society. The article examines the ideas of Mahmudhoja Behbudi, Abdulla Avloni, Munavvarqori Abdurashidkhanov, and Abdurauf Fitrat and evaluates their relevance in modern educational and social reforms.
АНАЛИЗ ДОЛГОВЕЧНОСТИ СТРЕЛЬЧАТЫХ ЛАП КУЛЬТИВАТОРА
Качество обработки почвы, энергетические расходы и общие затраты на обработку в значительной мере зависят от состояния рабочих органов почвообрабатывающих машин, в частности культиватора[3]. Было выявлено что, наибольшему изнашиванию подвергаются лезвие в носовой части стрельчатых лап культиватора(рис.1.). При восстановлении стрельчатых лап необходимо повысить твердость и износостойкость, упрочнить носок и боковые лезвия стрельчатой лапы. В процессе изнашивания поверхности стрельчатой лапы, режущие кромки затупляются. На кромке лезвий и носка образуется обратная фаска, которая отрицательно влияет на устойчивость хода рабочих органов по глубине, изменяется форма носка, а также форма и ширина лезвия лапы.
ПРАВОВАЯ ПРИРОДА ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ И ЕЁ МЕСТО В СИСТЕМЕ ОСНОВНЫХ ПРИНЦИПОВ КОНКУРЕНТНОГО ПРАВА
В данной работе рассматривается правовая природа интеллектуальной собственности и её место в системе конкурентного права. Анализируется соотношение исключительных прав на результаты интеллектуальной деятельности с принципами свободной конкуренции. Особое внимание уделяется проблеме баланса между защитой прав правообладателей и необходимостью предотвращения злоупотребления доминирующим положением. Рассматриваются случаи, при которых реализация прав интеллектуальной собственности может ограничивать конкуренцию.
CONCEPTUAL REPRESENTATION OF TRUST AND DISTRUST THROUGH PAREMIOLOGICAL UNIT
This article explores the linguo-cognitive nature of the concepts of trust and distrust through Uzbek paremiological units, particularly proverbs and sayings, which serve as important carriers of national consciousness and cultural memory. The study focuses on identifying the semantic, cognitive, and linguocultural features of these concepts within the paremiological system of the Uzbek language. In the course of the research, the semantic structure of the concepts was analyzed by distinguishing their nuclear and peripheral components, as well as by revealing their associative and evaluative meanings reflected in folk wisdom. The analysis demonstrates that trust and distrust are represented in Uzbek paremiological units as complex cognitive formations closely connected with moral values, interpersonal relations, social behavior, and traditional worldview. Proverbs and sayings expressing trust often emphasize honesty, loyalty, sincerity, faithfulness, and mutual respect, whereas paremiological units related to distrust reveal notions such as suspicion, betrayal, deception, caution, and social alienation. These oppositional concepts form an important axiological system reflecting the ethical norms and life experience of the Uzbek people.
MECHANISMS FOR INSTITUTIONALIZING YOUTH CITIZENSHIP IN THE DIGITAL AGE
This article analyzes to reveal heredity and national values in increasing the civic activity of young people, .the theoretical and methodological foundations of the concepts of "modern society," "youth activity," "active civic position," studies the stages of the formation of an active civic position of young people, identifies factors in the formation of an active civic position of young people in modern society, examines factors affecting the activity of young people in digital transformation, proposals and recommendations were developed to identify the impact of the development of historical and philosophical thinking among young people on citizenship.
THE SOCIO-DYNAMIC DEVELOPMENT OF AVIATION TERMINOLOGY IN ENGLISH AND RUSSIAN
This article examines the socio-dynamics of aviation terminology in English and Russian, analyzing the processes of its formation, development, and use within the framework of sociolinguistic factors influencing these processes. Particular attention is given to the interrelation between aviation terminology and the social environment, including the impact of professional communities, international standardization processes, and technological advancement on terminological change.
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EXPRESSION AND FUNCTIONAL-SEMANTIC FEATURES OF CERTAIN PRONOUNS IN THE TRANSLATION OF “RAWZAT-US-SAFA” BY MUNIS
This article examines the system of pronouns in the text of the work “Rawzat-us-Safa,” a major example of classical historiography. The study analyzes the frequency of personal, demonstrative, reflexive, and interrogative pronouns, highlighting their distinctive features compared to modern Uzbek grammar. The findings of the research serve to determine the state of Old Uzbek morphology in the 19th century.
ABOUT THE METHODS OF TRANSFER OF MEANING IN THE UZBEK LANGUAGE
This article provides information about the methods of meaning transfer in the Uzbek language, their types, and classification. It also includes illustrative examples. The main types of meaning transfer discussed in the Uzbek language are metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche, and functional transfer.
LIMITED-USE VOCABULARY IN LITERARY TEXTS
This article discusses the concept of the lexeme, its essence as a unit expressing lexical meaning, and its place in the language system. It also analyzes types of lexemes according to their scope of usage, particularly limited vocabulary—archaisms, historicisms, dialectisms, professionalisms, and vulgarisms. Their functions in literary texts—such as creating imagery, reflecting historical and local settings, and ensuring stylistic diversity—are illustrated with examples..