LEXICAL-SEMANTIC REALIZATION OF “GOOD” AND “EVIL” IN ENGLISH AND KARAKALPAK LANGUAGES

Abstract

This study explores how the concepts “good” and “evil” are expressed in English and Karakalpak from a comparative linguacultural perspective. Although these moral categories are universal, their lexical and semantic realization differs across languages. Specifically, English shows greater lexical differentiation and abstraction, whereas Karakalpak reflects more holistic and culturally grounded meanings. Moreover, both languages share similar metaphors (e.g., light vs. darkness), but differ in usage and cultural emphasis. Overall, the findings highlight the role of language in shaping moral concepts..