International Conference on Culture & History
International Conference on Culture & History (ICCH) is held annually online from Rome, Italy. It covers History, Archaeology, Cultural Heritage, and Philosophy. Indexed in Google Scholar, Zenodo, OpenAIRE, Open Access. Articles are accepted in Italian and English.
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TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CIVIL LAW REGULATION OF CYBERSECURITY IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION: COMPARATIVE TABLE AND DE LEGE FERENDA PROPOSALS
Cybersecurity has emerged as one of the most pressing challenges in contemporary international commercial arbitration. The accelerating digitalization of dispute resolution procedures, which gained extraordinary momentum during the disruptions of 2020 and 2021, has exposed arbitral proceedings to a range of sophisticated cyber threats: unauthorized access to confidential pleadings and evidence, interception of electronic communications between counsel and tribunal, ransomware attacks targeting arbitral institutions, and systemic data breaches compromising the integrity of the entire proceeding. While international arbitration has long operated under robust confidentiality frameworks, those frameworks were conceived to address human misconduct rather than technological vulnerabilities.
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This article highlights the place of the art of baxshichilik in Uzbek folk culture, the importance of the baxshi in social life, their spiritual and educational activities, and their contributions to the development of folk oral creativity. It also provides a scientific analysis of the role of baxshi creativity in the upbringing of young people and its development in the modern period.
CREATING DIGITAL CONTENT BASED ON QUEST AND FORESIGHT TECHNOLOGIES TO DEVELOP CREATIVE COMPETENCES OF FUTURE TEACHERS
This article analyzes the issue of developing the creative competencies of future teachers through the creation of digital content based on quest and foresight technologies. The widespread introduction of digital technologies in the modern educational process is significantly changing the content of pedagogical activity and requiring new competencies from teachers. Therefore, the development of creative thinking, digital content creation skills and innovative approaches of future teachers is an urgent issue. The article also analyzes the pedagogical mechanisms of using these technologies in the process of creating digital content.
NATIONAL DANCE AND SONG ART IN THE PROCESS OF GLOBALIZATION: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
This article analyzes the impact of globalization processes on national dance and singing art. The author examines issues related to preserving national identity and protecting it from the negative effects of mass culture. The article also highlights promising directions for promoting our national heritage on a global scale through digital technologies.
LOVE WITHOUT RETURN: EMOTIONAL CONFLICT AND SOCIAL BARRIERS IN LITERATURE
Unrequited love has long been one of the most enduring and emotionally powerful themes in literature. From classical tragedies to modern narratives, writers have explored the pain, longing, and transformation that arise when love is not returned. Unlike mutual love, which often leads to harmony or resolution, unreciprocated affection creates internal conflict, psychological tension, and, in many cases, personal growth or destruction.
INCREASE INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS IN AGRICULTURE
In today's global economy, the agricultural sector has played a strategic role not only in ensuring food security, but also in stimulating economic growth, expanding export potential, and increasing employment. Especially in developing countries, the agrarian sector is one of the priority areas that need to be modernized by attracting investments as an important component of the economy.
INSTITUTE OF JUSTICE IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES: COMPARATIVE LEGAL ANALYSIS
This article examines the legal essence, regulatory frameworks, procedure for calculating criminal records, and mechanisms for their removal in the criminal law systems of four countries the Republic of Uzbekistan, Italy, Germany, and Australia through comparative legal analysis. Based on the fact that countries belong to different legal families, a comparative analysis of the institution of criminal record is carried out and conclusions and proposals for improving national legislation are presented..
THE INTERACTION BETWEEN ACTOR AND DIRECTOR IN THE DRAMA GENRE
This article analyzes the role and significance of creative collaboration between the actor and the director in the drama genre. In particular, it examines the director’s leading role in the process of creating a stage performance, as well as the actor’s independent approach to working on character development. The study also highlights issues of creative harmony that emerge as a result of their interaction in contemporary theatre and film art.
CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL THERAPY IN PSYCHOSOMATIC DISORDERS
The thesis investigates the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in psychosomatic disorders. CBT restructures dysfunctional thoughts, adapts behavior, enhances emotional stability, and effectively reduces symptom severity in patients.
THE ROLE OF TOUR GUIDES IN ENHANCING TOURIST EXPERIENCE IN UZBEKISTAN
Uzbekistan has recently emerged as a dynamic tourism destination, attracting international visitors through its rich cultural heritage and Silk Road legacy. In this context, the quality of tourist experience has become a critical factor in ensuring sustainable growth and global competitiveness. This paper examines the role of tour guides in shaping tourist experiences in Uzbekistan. Adopting a descriptive analytical approach, the study draws on existing literature and country-specific research to explore how communication skills, cultural knowledge, and interpersonal interaction influence visitor satisfaction. The findings suggest that tour guides play a central role in transforming heritage into meaningful experiences. Strengthening professional training and service quality is essential for enhancing Uzbekistan’s tourism potential.
ANALISI COMPARATIVA DELLA CULTURA DELL’ITALIA E DELL’UZBEKISTAN; SOMIGLIANZE E DIFFERENZE
Ritengo che la cultura sia un concetto di fondamentale importanza per ogni popolo. Attraverso la cultura, un popolo viene riconosciuto e si sviluppa. Essa rappresenta l’identità, la vita culturale e lo stile di vita quotidiano di ogni nazione. Un popolo con un alto livello culturale e con rispetto per la propria cultura gode sempre di grande considerazione. Il ruolo della cultura nello sviluppo futuro e nel riconoscimento a livello mondiale è inestimabile.
PRIORITY ROUTES FOR URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION
As a result, the competitiveness of urban passenger transport has slightly decreased compared to private vehicles. This is because people choose private vehicles due to their superior qualities, such as greater maneuverability than public transport, convenience for passengers, regularity of travel, and the affordability of transportation costs. In addition to these factors, delays in public transport during peak hours—especially the increase in bus delays—cause a decrease in travel speed and disruptions in service regularity. Consequently, passengers experience longer waiting times and time loss, which contributes to the aforementioned reasons for choosing private transport.
DETERMINATION OF THE SALT TOLERANCE INDEX (STI) OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L).
The salt tolerance index of wheat varieties is determined by a number of indicators, including the viability and morphometric indicators of the blades under salinity conditions, as well as their ability to maintain high germination energy and strength in a saline environment. This index is not a single numerical indicator, but together allows us to identify the genotypes most adapted to soil salinity conditions. Among the studied wheat varieties, the highest STI value was observed in Pakhlavon (85.58%), followed by Es-4 (80.88%) and Kairaktosh (80.62%), and the lowest STI values were observed in Ezos (64.83%) and Es-1 (67.98%)..
THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL FOUNDATIONS OF APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES
This article provides a theoretical and scientific analysis of the prospects, advantages, and potential challenges of implementing Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies in the modern education system. The research highlights the role of AI tools in personalizing the learning process, automating teacher workloads, and advancing inclusive education. Furthermore, the paper offers conclusions regarding the impact of digital technologies on student discipline and academic integrity.
PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR TRAINING PRIMARY EDUCATION TEACHERS FOR INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES
This article lists the advantages of digitalization, which is becoming a modern requirement. At the same time, in the digital education system, the teacher-student relationship reveals that it plays a very important role and influence in the educational process.
THE HISTORY OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE UZBEK KHANATES PERIOD
This article examines the historical development of agriculture in the Uzbek khanates from the 16th to the 19th centuries, analyzing the transformation of agricultural practices, irrigation systems, and land management institutions during this significant period of Central Asian history. The research reveals that despite political fragmentation and periodic conflicts, the Uzbek khanates maintained sophisticated agricultural systems that sustained dense urban populations and facilitated extensive trade networks across Central Asia.
COMPETENCY-BASED APPROACH IN TEACHING THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE
This article examines the competency-based approach in teaching the Russian language within the context of modern educational reforms. It focuses on the development of key competences, particularly linguistic and communicative competences, as essential outcomes of higher education. The study analyzes the theoretical foundations of the concepts of competence and competency, drawing on the works of leading scholars, and highlights their practical orientation in language teaching. Special attention is paid to the distinction between linguistic competence and language competence, as well as their role in the formation of effective speech activity..
EDUCATIONAL CONDITIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MUSICAL PERCEPTION IN BLIND SCHOOLCHILDREN
This article examines the pedagogical conditions for developing musical perception in visually impaired schoolchildren as a key component of their general and artistic development. It explores the unique aspects of musical perception in children with visual impairments, which are shaped by the heightened role of auditory, tactile, and emotional experiences, as well as the specific nature of their sensory and cognitive development.
ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF NEOLITHIC SITES OF TURAN IN IRANIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY
This article highlights the scholarly perspectives of Iranian researchers regarding the commonalities and distinctive features of Turan’s Neolithic sites in comparison with material culture samples from neighboring regions. In the analysis of interregional comparisons, the Neolithic sites of Turan are examined primarily through their integral connection with historical processes on the Iranian Plateau and in the Near East. Specifically, the study elucidates the essence of research concerning the sites of Iran’s Gorgan Plain—a region extending across the southeastern basin of the Caspian Sea, the northern Alborz Mountains, and the western fringes of the Karakum Desert.
INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN AI-BASED CYBERATTACK DETECTION SYSTEMS
This article analyzes international experience in cyberattack detection systems using artificial intelligence technologies. The study examines modern cybersecurity systems used in the United States, European countries, and Asian nations. It also considers the effectiveness of processes such as AI-based threat detection, network monitoring, malware detection, and anomaly analysis. The article highlights the advantages of systems based on machine learning, deep learning, and neural networks, as well as their role in ensuring cybersecurity..
MODERN METHODS OF DETECTING AND MONITORING CYBERCRIMES
This article examines modern methods for detecting and monitoring cybercrime. The study analyzes the role of network monitoring, IDS/IPS systems, SIEM platforms, and artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies in cybersecurity systems. In addition, the importance of cyber threat analysis and modern monitoring tools for early detection and prevention of cyberattacks is discussed. The research results highlight the necessity of implementing advanced technological solutions to improve information security systems and protect digital infrastructure.
MUSICAL THINKING IN BLIND MUSICIANS: COGNITIVE, PSYCHOLOGICAL, AND SOCIOCULTURAL ASPECTS
This study examines musical cognition in blind musicians through cognitive, psychological, and socio-cultural perspectives. The lack of visual perception results in the reallocation of sensory functions, thereby enhancing the auditory and tactile systems that process musical information. Particular focus is directed towards enhancing auditory memory, internal hearing, auditory imagery, and analytical listening, which collectively constitute the basis of musical cognition in visually impaired musicians. The paper examines the cognitive processes involved in music cognition, focusing on the interplay between the cognitive and emotional aspects of music perception and performance. It examines the cultural and social importance of music, emphasizing the unifying influence of musical assemblies. The findings indicate that blind musicians possess a unique cognitive framework for musical cognition that emphasizes auditory-intonational analysis.
THE IMPACT OF EXPENDITURES ON INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN REGIONAL TEXTILE INDUSTRY CLUSTERS ON ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY RESULTS
This article analyzes the impact of expenditures directed towards innovative technologies on the economic performance indicators of regional textile industry clusters. The relevance of the study is explained by the crucial role of innovative technologies in enhancing competitiveness within the textile sector, generating high added value, and expanding export potential. The research examines data from 2019 to 2023, including sales revenue, costs, net profit, profitability levels, technological transfer expenses, and the dynamics of fixed assets.
THE FORMATION OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS DURING THE TIMURID PERIOD
This article examines the development of diplomatic relations during the Timurid period (1370–1507) in Central Asia. It explores the political, economic, and cultural functions of diplomacy, the structure of the diplomatic system, and the role of ambassadors in fostering communication with neighboring states such as India, Iran, and the Middle East. The study highlights how diplomatic missions, correspondence, trade agreements, and cultural exchanges contributed to the stability and international prestige of the Timurid Empire. The findings indicate that Timurid diplomacy was an essential instrument for territorial consolidation, economic growth, and cultural development, leaving a lasting legacy in the region’s political history.
FORMATION OF SPIRITUAL IMMUNITY IN THE YOUTH OF NEW UZBEKISTAN
This study, based on philosophical approaches, discusses the theoretical, methodological, and practical foundations for the formation of spiritual immunity in the youth of New Uzbekistan. The research highlights the essence of the concept of spiritual immunity, its socio-philosophical and psychological aspects, and key information on mechanisms for protecting the minds of young people in the context of emerging ideological threats. According to the research findings, the formation of spiritual immunity is a continuous, multi-stage process requiring an innovative approach, and is closely linked to young people's critical thinking, civic responsibility, level of national self-awareness, and commitment to universal human values..
THE ARTISTIC INTERPRETATION OF ROBOTS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
The artistic interpretation of robots and artificial intelligence (AI) constitutes a crucial domain in contemporary cultural and philosophical discourse. Far from being mere technological artifacts, robots and AI systems have emerged in artistic narratives as complex symbolic constructs reflecting humanity’s anxieties, aspirations, and ethical dilemmas. This article examines how literature, cinema, and theoretical philosophy conceptualize artificial beings as ontological, ethical, and socio-political entities. Drawing upon posthumanist theory, techno-ethics, and science fiction studies, the research argues that artistic representations of AI serve as speculative laboratories in which society interrogates agency, consciousness, embodiment, and power. The study demonstrates that artistic discourse not only mirrors technological development but actively shapes normative debates about the future of intelligence and humanity.
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF HANDICRAFT ACTIVITIES IN ENSURING YOUTH EMPLOYMENT
Youth employment is one of the most pressing socio-economic challenges in many developing and transition economies. In this context, handicraft activities represent an important traditional and modern economic sector that contributes significantly to employment generation, especially among young people. This article examines the theoretical foundations of handicraft activities as a mechanism for ensuring youth employment. It analyzes the economic, social, and educational aspects of handicrafts, their role in promoting entrepreneurship, preserving cultural heritage, and enhancing income generation.
IMPROVING PERFORMANCE COMPETENCE IN FOLK INSTRUMENTS IN CHILDREN’S MUSIC AND ART SCHOOLS
In children’s music and art schools, the folk instruments program not only develops students’ instrumental performance skills but also cultivates national cultural memory, aesthetic taste, stage culture, and socio-communicative competencies. As this type of education is defined within the system of lifelong learning as non-compulsory supplementary education, the mission of these institutions extends beyond merely “teaching how to play an instrument.” Rather, it encompasses the identification of talent, its systematic development, and the creation of conditions conducive to creative growth [1]. This thesis proposes a conceptual model for enhancing performance competence in folk instruments. The model integrates the following interrelated components into a unified system: technical competence, musical literacy, interpretative thinking, ensemble and accompaniment skills, stage-psychological stability, self-regulated practice, digital reflection, and awareness of national traditions and stylistic identity..
PSYCHOSOCIAL ADAPTATION AND HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE RECEIVING MAINTENANCE HEMODIALYSIS: A MULTIDIMENSIONAL CLINICAL ANALYSIS
Chronic kidney disease represents a progressive and irreversible decline in renal function that ultimately culminates in end-stage renal disease, a life-threatening condition characterized by the near-complete loss of glomerular filtration capacity. At this advanced stage, renal replacement therapy becomes essential for survival. Among available modalities, maintenance hemodialysis remains the most widely utilized treatment worldwide. Over the past decades, technological improvements in dialysis membranes, vascular access management, and supportive pharmacotherapy have substantially extended life expectancy in patients with end-stage renal disease. Survival gains of ten years or more are no longer uncommon in well-managed populations. However, increased longevity has not been uniformly accompanied by proportional improvements in quality of life. Instead, many individuals experience profound physical limitations, psychological distress, and social disruption as a direct or indirect consequence of long-term dialysis dependence.