“THE EVOLUTION OF FACADE ARCHITECTURE IN CENTRAL ASIA (7TH–12TH CENTURIES): FROM DEFENSIVE ENCLOSURES TO SYMBOLIC AND ENSEMBLE-BASED ARCHITECTURAL SYSTEMS”

Résumé

This study substantiates that the transformation of facade principles in Central Asian architecture between the 7th and 12th centuries was a long-term, internally consistent evolutionary process rather than the result of abrupt cultural or ideological rupture [1; 3; 10]. The architectural facade gradually developed from a predominantly defensive and enclosing surface into an autonomous and semantically charged architectural system that integrated structural logic, symbolic meaning, and urban representation [2; 15]. This transformation reflects broader processes of cultural synthesis, technological advancement, and the institutionalization of Islamic architectural thought in Central Asia [3; 14]..