CLINICAL AND INSTRUMENTAL FEATURES AND INFLAMMATORY BIOMARKERS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE WITH PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION

Abstract

Chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains one of the most challenging problems in modern cardiology due to the steady increase in disease prevalence, the high frequency of comorbid disorders, and the persistent risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. In recent years, particular attention has been paid to the role of chronic inflammation and epicardial obesity in the development of structural and functional myocardial remodeling. An increase in epicardial adipose tissue thickness is considered a key factor in the progression of diastolic dysfunction and the reduction of exercise tolerance in patients with HFpEF.